We know little about Pilate’s beginnings. He is only known by being the procurator at the time of the Crucifixion. Most likely, he was a cavalry officer from the ranks of those stationed in Syria. (His predecessors were.) His replacement of Valerius Gratus seems to have been a standard reassignment with the shift of Syrian governors. During Pilate’s time of appointment, the emperor, Tiberius, disengaged from direct rule. In fact, Rome was ruled on his behalf by Sejanus, the head of the Praetorian Guard. 

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Pilate is portrayed by Josephus and the Roman historian Tacitus as a stern military governor who was sensitive only to things that would disrupt his rule. He cared nothing for the religious feelings of the Judeans nor the Samaritans. In fact, the slaughter of thousands of Samaritan pilgrims by his cavalry in 36 A.D. caused his recall to Rome. Tiberius died before his arrival and Caligula relieved him of duty and exiled him to Gaul. In disgrace, he committed suicide. Philo characterizes his administration as corrupt and unjust.

 

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